SYLLABUS of SCIENCE
For National and International round
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1. My Surroundings
- My Body Parts and Sense Organs
- Identify body parts
- Functions of sense organs
- My Family and Home
- Family members and relationships
- Parts of a house
- My School
- Introduction to the school environment
- Classroom rules
- My Food and Clothes
- Types of food (healthy vs. unhealthy)
- Types of clothes for different seasons
2. My Environment
- Seasons
- Summer, Winter, and Rainy
- Characteristics and clothing for each season
- Pollution
- Types: Air, Water, and Noise
- Basic ways to help reduce pollution
3. Animals, Birds, and Insects
- Types of Animals
- Wild, Domestic, Pet, and Farm animals
- Water animals
- Animal Sounds, Young Ones, and Homes
- Recognizing animal sounds
- Learning baby animal names and their homes
4. Plants
- Fruits, Vegetables, and Flowers
- Identifying common fruits, vegetables, and flowers
- Understanding their uses and significance in daily life
5. Music and Games
- Musical Instruments
- Recognizing basic musical instruments and their sounds
- Indoor and Outdoor Games
- Learning about different games and where they are played (indoor vs. outdoor)
6. Transport, Safety, and Habits
- Types of Transport
- Road, Rail, Water, and Air transportation
- Traffic Rules and Safety
- Basic road safety rules for pedestrians and passengers
- Good and Bad Habits
- Introduction to healthy habits (cleanliness, sharing)
- Avoiding bad habits
- My Body Parts and Sense Organs
1. Living and Non-living Things
- Characteristics of Living Things
- Characteristics of Non-living Things
- Comparison and Classification
2. Plants
- Parts of a Plant
- Types of Plants
- Needs and Functions
- Growth and Life Cycle
3. Animals
- Types of Animals (Herbivores, Carnivores, Omnivores)
- Habitats and Adaptations
- Life Cycles
- Animal Needs and Care
4. Human Beings and Their Needs
- Basic Needs (Food, Shelter, Clothing)
- Physical and Emotional Needs
- Health and Hygiene
5. Human Body
- Body Parts and Their Functions
- Senses and Organs
- Growth and Development
6. Food
- Sources of Food (Plants and Animals)
- Types of Food (Healthy and Unhealthy)
- Importance of Balanced Diet
7. Housing and Clothing
- Types of Houses and Materials
- Seasonal Clothing
- Clothing for Safety
8. Family and Festivals
- Types of Families
- Importance of Family Members
- Festivals and Cultural Celebrations
9. Occupations
- Types of Occupations
- Importance of Different Professions
- Community Helpers
10. Good Habits and Safety Rules
- Personal Hygiene
- Good Manners and Behavior
- Road Safety and Emergency Protocols
11. Transport and Communication
- Types of Transport
- Means of Communication
- Importance of Transport and Communication
12. Air and Water
- Properties of Air and Water
- Importance and Uses
- Purification and Conservation
13. Weather and the Sky
- Types of Weather and Seasons
- Sky and Celestial Bodies
- Understanding Weather Changes
14. Earth and Universe
- Structure of the Earth (Layers, Landforms)
- Rocks and Minerals
- Introduction to the Solar System
- Universe and Beyond
1. The Living World
- Animal Kingdom
- Classification of animals (mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and insects)
- Habitats and adaptations
- Knowing Birds
- Types of birds, characteristics, and their habitats
- Migration and bird conservation
- Plants: Our Friends
- Parts of a plant and their functions
- Importance of plants in daily life (oxygen, food, etc.)
- Animals
- Basic needs and behaviors of animals
- Interaction between animals and their environment
2. Human Body
- Human Body Basics
- Major systems (digestive, respiratory, circulatory)
- Importance of each system and its main organs
- Functioning of the Human Body
- How organs work together to perform functions
- Basic hygiene and maintaining health
3. Matter and Materials
- Matter
- Introduction to solids, liquids, and gases
- Basic properties of each state
- Measurement
- Standard and non-standard units of measurement
- Measurement tools for length, weight, and volume
- Matter and Materials
- Common materials and their uses
- Properties such as flexibility, strength, and conductivity
4. Forces, Work, and Energy
- Force and Motion
- Introduction to force, push and pull
- Effects of forces on objects (start, stop, change in direction)
- Work and Energy
- Types of energy (light, heat, mechanical)
- Simple machines and how they help us do work
- Motion and Transport
- Types of motion (linear, circular, rotational)
- Modes of transportation (land, water, air)
5. Environment and Atmosphere
- Environment and Our Impact
- Importance of a clean environment
- Causes and effects of pollution
- Natural Resources
- Renewable and non-renewable resources
- Conservation of natural resources (water, soil, forests)
- Our Environment
- Ecosystems and food chains
- Interdependence of plants, animals, and humans
6. Our Universe
- The Solar System
- Planets, stars, and celestial bodies
- Basic understanding of day and night, seasons
1. The Living World
- Human Body and Nutrition
- Major body systems (digestive, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal)
- Importance of balanced nutrition and food groups
- Plants
- Photosynthesis and plant nutrition
- Plant reproduction and life cycle
- Animals
- Classification, habitats, and adaptations
- Food chains and animal relationships in ecosystems
- Living Organisms and Their Habitats
- Types of habitats (aquatic, terrestrial, desert)
- Adaptations for survival in different habitats
2. Material World
- Matter
- States of matter and their properties
- Physical and chemical changes
- Fibre to Fabric
- Types of natural and synthetic fibers
- Fabric-making process from fiber to finished product
- Grouping Materials and Their Separation
- Classification based on properties (solubility, conductivity)
- Methods of separation (filtration, evaporation, sieving)
- Soil, Rocks, and Minerals
- Composition of soil and types of soil
- Rock types and the rock cycle, common minerals
3. Physical Science
- Work, Force, Energy, and Simple Machines
- Basic concepts of force, work, and energy
- Introduction to simple machines (lever, pulley, inclined plane)
- Light, Shadow, and Reflection
- Properties of light and how shadows are formed
- Reflection and refraction basics
- Electricity and Magnets
- Conductors and insulators, circuits and switches
- Magnetism, magnetic fields, and uses of magnets
- Light and Sound
- Characteristics of light and sound
- Sound sources, pitch, and volume
4. Our Environment
- Our Environment and Natural Calamities
- Types of natural calamities (earthquakes, floods, cyclones)
- Human impact on the environment and disaster preparedness
- Environment
- Importance of conserving resources (water, air, soil)
- Ways to reduce pollution and promote sustainability
5. Our Universe
- Our Universe
- The Solar System, stars, and galaxies
- Earth’s rotation and revolution and their effects
6. Daily Life Science
- Food
- Sources and classification (plant and animal-based)
- Importance of food preservation and hygiene
- Changes Around Us
- Reversible and irreversible changes
- Physical and chemical changes in daily life
- Housing
- Types of houses and materials used for construction
- Importance of sanitation and cleanliness in living spaces
- Body Movements
- Types of joints and movement
- Role of bones and muscles in body movement
- Motion and Measurement of Distances
- Introduction to types of motion (rectilinear, circular)
- Basic units of measurement for length, time, and weight
1. The Living World
- Nutrition
- Types of nutrition (autotrophic and heterotrophic)
- Nutritional needs of humans, animals, and plants
- Life Processes
- Fundamental life processes: respiration, circulation, excretion
- Transport in plants and animals
- Cell Structure and Functions
- Structure of plant and animal cells
- Functions of cell organelles
- Reproduction
- Types of reproduction (asexual and sexual)
- Reproductive processes in plants and animals
- Conservation of Plants and Animals
- Importance of biodiversity
- Conservation methods and endangered species
2. Material World
- Fibre to Fabric
- Process of making fabric from natural and synthetic fibers
- Differences between natural and man-made fibers
- Physical and Chemical Changes
- Identifying physical vs. chemical changes
- Examples and applications in daily life
- Acids, Bases, and Salts
- Properties and uses of acids, bases, and salts
- pH scale and indicators
- Materials
- Common materials and their properties
- Uses and classification of materials
- Coal and Petroleum
- Formation and uses of fossil fuels
- Environmental impact and conservation
3. Earth and Atmosphere
- Weather, Climate, and Adaptations of Animals to Climate
- Difference between weather and climate
- Adaptations of animals in different climates
- Winds, Storms, and Cyclones
- Causes of storms and cyclones
- Safety measures during natural calamities
- Pollution of Air and Water
- Sources and effects of pollution
- Methods of pollution control and conservation
- Our Environment
- Components of the environment (air, water, soil)
- Human impact on the environment and sustainability
4. Physical Science
- Motion and Time
- Concepts of speed, velocity, and acceleration
- Measurement of time and distance
- Force and Friction
- Types of forces and their effects
- Factors affecting friction and methods to reduce/enhance it
- Electricity and Light
- Simple electric circuits, conductors, and insulators
- Reflection, refraction, and properties of light
- Sound
- Nature of sound and how it travels
- Pitch, volume, and uses of sound
- Chemical Effects of Current
- Conductivity of liquids, electrolysis
- Applications like electroplating and purification
5. Crop Production and Microorganisms
- Crop Production
- Agricultural practices and types of crops
- Soil preparation, sowing, and harvesting
- Microorganisms
- Types of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, protozoa)
- Beneficial and harmful effects of microorganisms
6. The Solar System and Beyond
- Solar System
- Overview of planets, stars, and celestial bodies
- Movements of Earth, phases of the moon, and eclipses
1. The Living World
- Cells and Tissues
- Structure and function of cells
- Types of animal and plant tissues and their roles
- Diversity in Living Organisms
- Classification and characteristics of living organisms
- Evolutionary relationships among organisms
- Life Processes
- Nutrition, respiration, circulation, excretion in humans and plants
- Basic functions essential for survival
- Reproduction
- Asexual and sexual reproduction in plants and animals
- Human reproductive system and reproductive health
- Control and Coordination
- Nervous and endocrine systems in humans
- Coordination in plants
- Heredity and Evolution
- Mendelian genetics and inheritance
- Evolutionary theory and natural selection
- Why Do We Fall Ill?
- Causes of diseases (infectious and non-infectious)
- Prevention and control of diseases
2. Material World
- Matter and Its Properties
- States of matter and properties (solid, liquid, gas)
- Classification of matter based on physical and chemical properties
- Atoms and Molecules
- Atomic structure, molecules, and compounds
- Basic atomic theory and molecular composition
- Chemical Reactions
- Types of chemical reactions (combination, decomposition, etc.)
- Balancing equations and applications in daily life
- Acids, Bases, and Salts
- Properties, reactions, and pH scale
- Common acids, bases, and their uses
- Metals and Non-Metals
- Physical and chemical properties
- Common uses and reactivity with acids, bases, and other elements
- Carbon and Its Compounds
- Structure of carbon, allotropes
- Organic compounds, hydrocarbons, and functional groups
- Periodic Classification of Elements
- History and development of the periodic table
- Periodic trends and properties of elements
3. Physical Science
- Force and Motion
- Newton’s laws of motion
- Applications of force and motion in everyday life
- Gravitation
- Laws of gravitation and gravitational force
- Free fall and motion of celestial bodies
- Work, Energy, and Sound
- Types of energy (kinetic, potential)
- Characteristics and propagation of sound
- Electricity and Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
- Electric circuits, Ohm’s law, and resistors
- Magnetic field, electromagnets, and electric motor principles
- Light and Human Eye
- Reflection, refraction, and dispersion
- Structure and functioning of the human eye, defects of vision
4. Natural Resources and Environment
- Sources of Energy
- Conventional and non-conventional sources (fossil fuels, solar, wind)
- Advantages, limitations, and environmental impact of energy sources
- Natural Resources
- Conservation and sustainable use of water, soil, and minerals
- Forests, wildlife, and their importance in biodiversity
- Our Environment
- Ecosystems, food chains, and food webs
- Human impact on the environment, pollution, and climate change
- Improvement in Food Resources
- Agricultural practices, animal husbandry, and crop improvement
- Importance of sustainable agricultural practices
1. Physics
· Mechanics
- Kinematics, laws of motion, work, energy, power
- System of particles, rotational motion, gravitation
· Properties of Matter
- Elasticity, fluid mechanics, surface tension
- Viscosity and fluid flow
· Heat and Thermodynamics
- Thermal expansion, specific heat, and calorimetry
- Laws of thermodynamics, entropy, heat engines
· Oscillations and Waves
- Simple harmonic motion, wave motion
- Sound waves, Doppler effect
· Electricity and Magnetism
- Electrostatics, current electricity
- Magnetic effects of current, moving charges, magnetism
· Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current
- Faraday’s laws, inductance, AC circuits
- Transformers, resonance, and LCR circuits
· Electromagnetic Waves
- Nature, spectrum of electromagnetic waves
- Propagation and applications
· Optics
- Reflection, refraction, and dispersion
- Wave optics, interference, diffraction, polarization
· Modern Physics
- Atomic models, nuclear physics
- Quantum mechanics, photoelectric effect, dual nature of matter
· Semiconductor Electronics
- Diodes, transistors, logic gates
- Digital electronics, communication systems
· Communication Systems
- Basic elements, analog and digital communication
- Satellite, optical fiber, mobile communication
2. Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
· Structure of Atom
- Atomic models, quantum numbers, electronic configuration
· Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
- Modern periodic table, periodic trends
· Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
- Ionic and covalent bonds, VSEPR theory
- Hybridization, molecular orbital theory
· States of Matter
- Gas laws, kinetic molecular theory, liquids, and solids
· Thermodynamics
- Enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy
· Equilibrium
- Chemical and ionic equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle
· Redox Reactions
- Oxidation-reduction, electrochemical series
· Solid State
- Crystallography, unit cell, packing, defects
· Solutions
- Concentration terms, colligative properties
· Electrochemistry
- Electrolysis, galvanic cells, Nernst equation
· Chemical Kinetics
- Rate of reaction, factors affecting reaction rates
· Surface Chemistry
- Adsorption, colloids, catalysis
Inorganic Chemistry
· Hydrogen
- Properties, preparation, and compounds of hydrogen
· The s-Block Elements
- Properties, reactions, and uses of alkali and alkaline earth metals
· The p-Block Elements (Groups 13 to 18)
- Properties and reactions of group elements and their compounds
· General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
- Metallurgy, extraction of metals
· d- & f-Block Elements
- Transition metals, properties, complexes
· Coordination Compounds
- Nomenclature, bonding, and applications
Organic Chemistry
· Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques
- Nomenclature, hybridization, IUPAC system
· Hydrocarbons
- Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds
· Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Preparation, properties, and reactions
· Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
- Properties, preparation, and reactions
· Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
- Structure, reactivity, preparation
· Amines
- Classification, preparation, properties
· Biomolecules
- Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins
· Polymers
- Types, properties, and uses
· Chemistry in Everyday Life
- Drugs, detergents, food additives
3. Biology
· Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals
- Morphology, anatomy of plants and animals
· Cell: Structure and Functions
- Cell theory, cell organelles, division
· Plant Physiology
- Photosynthesis, respiration, transport, and growth
· Human Physiology
- Systems (digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory)
· Reproduction
- Asexual and sexual reproduction, reproductive health
· Genetics and Evolution
- Mendelian genetics, DNA, RNA, evolution theory
· Biology in Human Welfare
- Health, diseases, agriculture, vaccines
· Biotechnology
- DNA technology, genetic engineering, applications
· Ecology
- Ecosystem, food chain, biodiversity, conservation
- Kinematics, laws of motion, work, energy, power
